Energy Consumption and Mining Ecology Bitcoin
The emergence of a large mining center professionally makes the mining dominance of Bitcoin. It seems exactly the same as gold mining. Especially, how is the role of large companies in gold mining that has caused much damage to the environment.
While in Bitcoin, it probably will not be that big as the impact. However, Bitcoin mining also requires enormous energy. Indirectly, it will also affect the currency, as well as the environment.
There is a law of physics known as Landauer's principle, by Ralph Landauer in 1960. In the laws of physics it states that any non-reversible computation would require a minimum amount of energy.
Logically, any irreversible computing is considered to be a loss of information. Especially, in the principle of the laws of physics, states that every bit will consume at least (kT In 2) joules. Where K is a Boltzmann constant, or approximately 1.38 × 10-23 J / K. There, T is the temperature of the circuit in Kelvin size, and In 2 is the usual algorithm of 2, or approximately 0.69. This small sum is the amount of energy per bit. From this law of physics, explaining that a computation, will require energy that can be calculated per bit.
While SHA256, there is a presume is not a reversible computing. Described in the laws of physics above, that any non-reversible computing will require energy, and SHA-256 is used as a basis for Bitcoin mining. So that means, Bitcoin mining computing also requires energy.
Then how can Bitcoin need energy?
Bitcoin mining, can not deny it will consume energy consumption. Although, the amount of energy used is still far from the total electrical energy used in the world today. But the reality is Bitcoin mining does require electrical energy.
On the mining device would need to be produced. Both when still in the form of physical raw materials, then turn them into Asic mining devices. And from the process will also require energy. As for the delivery of finished products Asic devices to consumers, also consume energy in the delivery. Then, continuing again after the device is used for Bitcoin mining, computing devices will also consume energy.
From the level of energy consumption that has been going on in Bitcoin mining today, many expectations will be able to lower the level of energy consumption. Especially in the Bitcoin mining process. Let's take a closer look at the level of energy consumption in Bitcoin.
Power Requirement
As explained above, that when Bitcoin mining is done will consume electricity, ie electricity. Likewise, when using Asic devices. In the development of mining devices, you can say there is a decline and the effectiveness of the use of electrical energy.
But when Asic comes in, although in the end there is the development of Asic devices that allow to consume less electricity, but it can be said, because Asic also hash rate in Bitcoin network increased rapidly. And it also implies an increase in electricity consumption for Bitcoin mining.
There is a review of research conducted by Sebastian Deetman about the power consumption of mining Bitcoin. And also the relation to the environmental impact that can be caused. The review can be read more here:
Power Consumption of Bitcoin Network
For a miner, surely it must be able to calculate how much power is available in the mining device. Simultaneously, also calculate the cost of electricity that will be needed. In March, electricity tariffs in Indonesia fell, although slightly. Approximately electricity tariffs in March 2916 and then as follows:
Electricity Tariff March 2016: Rp 1355 / kWh
The group of tariffs that enter this group:
1. Small household R1 / 1300 VA
2. Small household R1 / 2200 VA
3. Households are R2 / 3500-5500 VA
4. Large household R3 / 6600 VA and above
5. Business medium B2 / 6600 VA-200 kVA
6. Government is P1 / 6600 VA-200 kVA
7. Street Lighting P3
Suppose we use the Antminer S7 for $ 597 ($ 7,960,645.88 - the price at the current amazon), 4.73 TH / s with 1210 watt power consumption. To calculate it, we can use the following formula:
Electricity Consumption= (Watt device/1000)*Usage per day*30
So on the use of Antminer if full working within 1 month non stop, it will require the following power:
1210/1000 x 24 x 30 = 871.2 KWH.
If the electricity tariff is Rp 1355 / kWh, then the total cost of electricity in 1 month is:
1355 × 871.2 = Rp. 1,180,476, -
Of course, the amount is only calculated from the amount of electricity consumed on the Asic device in Antminer S7 only. It still does not include the calculation of the cost of the PC or laptop power used, or also an additional cooler that will be used if needed. Similarly, the connection fee used to connect devices on Bitcoin network.
If we try to calculate again the amount of Bitcoin that can be produced, we can also do the calculation, here's how to calculate it:
HashRate Asic Antminer S7: 4,73 TH / s
Difficulty Current: 194254820283.44403
Bitcoin Price ($): 455.4 USD
Electricity per KWH (convert to $): 0.09 USD
Difficulty: 5% (2 weeks)
Pool cost (antpool): 2.5%
The data we enter into the mining calculator to calculate the range of what can be in the mining. The result is as follows:
Hours: $ 0.12
Day: $ 2.82
Sunday: $ 19.77
Month: $ 84.71
Year: $ 1,030.64
You can try the calculation by entering the above information data on the mining calculator below:
Mining Calculator
From the example of the calculation of electricity costs and the range of mining results above, we can judge that the magnitude of the electric power also affects also the mining pattern, as well as on the mining results that can be obtained. Within a month of nonstop device usage, between the results obtained with the cost of electricity is also not too big difference. Of course, it is in accordance with the electricity rates in Indonesia. Net profits will be obtained, if it has been mining for about 7 months, then even then can cover for the cost of purchasing the device.
Meanwhile, within a period of 7 months, the miners also do not know what will happen. Suppose that there is a device malfunction, the price of Bitcoin is down, the cost of electricity may increase in the next 2 months, or anything else.
Cooler
This cooling is considered an important component in Bitcoin mining. And in practice it will also consume electrical energy. If you do not use it, then certainly will cause damage to the mining device used.
But if Bitcoin mining is done in small sizes, the cost for this cooler may also be small and usually underestimated. Unlike the case if mining is done in large sizes such as a large Bitcoin mining center professionally. This cooler is quite influential and will also cost a large power consumption.
While in Bitcoin, it probably will not be that big as the impact. However, Bitcoin mining also requires enormous energy. Indirectly, it will also affect the currency, as well as the environment.
There is a law of physics known as Landauer's principle, by Ralph Landauer in 1960. In the laws of physics it states that any non-reversible computation would require a minimum amount of energy.
Logically, any irreversible computing is considered to be a loss of information. Especially, in the principle of the laws of physics, states that every bit will consume at least (kT In 2) joules. Where K is a Boltzmann constant, or approximately 1.38 × 10-23 J / K. There, T is the temperature of the circuit in Kelvin size, and In 2 is the usual algorithm of 2, or approximately 0.69. This small sum is the amount of energy per bit. From this law of physics, explaining that a computation, will require energy that can be calculated per bit.
While SHA256, there is a presume is not a reversible computing. Described in the laws of physics above, that any non-reversible computing will require energy, and SHA-256 is used as a basis for Bitcoin mining. So that means, Bitcoin mining computing also requires energy.
Then how can Bitcoin need energy?
Bitcoin mining, can not deny it will consume energy consumption. Although, the amount of energy used is still far from the total electrical energy used in the world today. But the reality is Bitcoin mining does require electrical energy.
On the mining device would need to be produced. Both when still in the form of physical raw materials, then turn them into Asic mining devices. And from the process will also require energy. As for the delivery of finished products Asic devices to consumers, also consume energy in the delivery. Then, continuing again after the device is used for Bitcoin mining, computing devices will also consume energy.
From the level of energy consumption that has been going on in Bitcoin mining today, many expectations will be able to lower the level of energy consumption. Especially in the Bitcoin mining process. Let's take a closer look at the level of energy consumption in Bitcoin.
Power Requirement
As explained above, that when Bitcoin mining is done will consume electricity, ie electricity. Likewise, when using Asic devices. In the development of mining devices, you can say there is a decline and the effectiveness of the use of electrical energy.
But when Asic comes in, although in the end there is the development of Asic devices that allow to consume less electricity, but it can be said, because Asic also hash rate in Bitcoin network increased rapidly. And it also implies an increase in electricity consumption for Bitcoin mining.
There is a review of research conducted by Sebastian Deetman about the power consumption of mining Bitcoin. And also the relation to the environmental impact that can be caused. The review can be read more here:
Power Consumption of Bitcoin Network
For a miner, surely it must be able to calculate how much power is available in the mining device. Simultaneously, also calculate the cost of electricity that will be needed. In March, electricity tariffs in Indonesia fell, although slightly. Approximately electricity tariffs in March 2916 and then as follows:
Electricity Tariff March 2016: Rp 1355 / kWh
The group of tariffs that enter this group:
1. Small household R1 / 1300 VA
2. Small household R1 / 2200 VA
3. Households are R2 / 3500-5500 VA
4. Large household R3 / 6600 VA and above
5. Business medium B2 / 6600 VA-200 kVA
6. Government is P1 / 6600 VA-200 kVA
7. Street Lighting P3
Suppose we use the Antminer S7 for $ 597 ($ 7,960,645.88 - the price at the current amazon), 4.73 TH / s with 1210 watt power consumption. To calculate it, we can use the following formula:
Electricity Consumption= (Watt device/1000)*Usage per day*30
So on the use of Antminer if full working within 1 month non stop, it will require the following power:
1210/1000 x 24 x 30 = 871.2 KWH.
If the electricity tariff is Rp 1355 / kWh, then the total cost of electricity in 1 month is:
1355 × 871.2 = Rp. 1,180,476, -
Of course, the amount is only calculated from the amount of electricity consumed on the Asic device in Antminer S7 only. It still does not include the calculation of the cost of the PC or laptop power used, or also an additional cooler that will be used if needed. Similarly, the connection fee used to connect devices on Bitcoin network.
If we try to calculate again the amount of Bitcoin that can be produced, we can also do the calculation, here's how to calculate it:
HashRate Asic Antminer S7: 4,73 TH / s
Difficulty Current: 194254820283.44403
Bitcoin Price ($): 455.4 USD
Electricity per KWH (convert to $): 0.09 USD
Difficulty: 5% (2 weeks)
Pool cost (antpool): 2.5%
The data we enter into the mining calculator to calculate the range of what can be in the mining. The result is as follows:
Hours: $ 0.12
Day: $ 2.82
Sunday: $ 19.77
Month: $ 84.71
Year: $ 1,030.64
You can try the calculation by entering the above information data on the mining calculator below:
Mining Calculator
From the example of the calculation of electricity costs and the range of mining results above, we can judge that the magnitude of the electric power also affects also the mining pattern, as well as on the mining results that can be obtained. Within a month of nonstop device usage, between the results obtained with the cost of electricity is also not too big difference. Of course, it is in accordance with the electricity rates in Indonesia. Net profits will be obtained, if it has been mining for about 7 months, then even then can cover for the cost of purchasing the device.
Meanwhile, within a period of 7 months, the miners also do not know what will happen. Suppose that there is a device malfunction, the price of Bitcoin is down, the cost of electricity may increase in the next 2 months, or anything else.
Cooler
This cooling is considered an important component in Bitcoin mining. And in practice it will also consume electrical energy. If you do not use it, then certainly will cause damage to the mining device used.
But if Bitcoin mining is done in small sizes, the cost for this cooler may also be small and usually underestimated. Unlike the case if mining is done in large sizes such as a large Bitcoin mining center professionally. This cooler is quite influential and will also cost a large power consumption.
This is ridiculous. Today, everyone has the strange idea that Bitcoins cannot be mined reversibly. Do you even know anything about reversible computing? For example, do you know the difference between a Toffoli gate, a CNOT gate, an AND gate, a NOT gate, and a Hadamard gate? Have you heard of Bennett's pebble game or about a reversible adder for binary modular addition? Any computation that can be done on a conventional computer can be done on a reversible computer or a partially reversible computer with a very reasonable computational overhead. Here is some code in the reversible programming language Janus which can be used as a template for reversible cryptocurrency mining.
BalasHapusThe goal of the following POW problem is to find an input i where w=12321 after we perform the assignments
w=i; x=((i+214)^(i+142211))+(w&1231); w-=(x&13321).
procedure proofofwork(int i,int w,int x)
w+=i
x^=((i+214)^(i+142211))+(w&1231)
w-=(x&13321)
procedure main()
int i
int w
int x
call proofofwork(i,w,x)
from i=0 do
uncall proofofwork(i,w,x)
i+=1
call proofofwork(i,w,x)
until (w=12321)
uncall proofofwork(i,w,x)
The output of this program for solving a POW problem (and this output includes all possible garbage information) is
i = 20513
w = 0
x = 0
and i=20513 is a solution to this POW problem.
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